1. MEANING
The majority of contemporary pressure-reducing control valves are manufactured using this fundamental idea: a pressure-reducing valve is self-actuated to maintain downstream, or upstream, pressure regulation. Pressure-reducing control valves are divided into two categories based on the mechanism that regulates the valve opening:
A. Pilot-operated pressure-reducing control valve
B. Direct-acting pressure-reducing valve.
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2. FEATURES
By using a fully automated, self-contained process, a pressure reduction valve can regulate pressure without the need for an external power source. The following are its main duties:
- To maintain consistent pressure in steam systems, pressure-reducing control valves are used. These valves adjust automatically to changes in pressure and flow rate to keep the pressure constant.
- In some cases, water hammer protection can be achieved by using appropriately chosen pressure-reducing control valves.
- To keep the system operating during power shortages, they can also be utilized as bypass valves.
- Pressure-reducing control valves sense and adapt in response to downstream pressure, enabling fast action.
3. APPLICATION
Self-acting pressure-reducing control valves are used in the following services:
3.1 Gas or Air Services
Direct-acting and pilot-operated pressure-reducing control valves for air and gas services are used in power tools, pneumatic control systems, compressed air systems, and control valves for industrial gas storage and distribution systems.
3.2 Water-Related Services
Pressure-reducing control valves are extensively utilized in fire safety and water distribution systems in homes and businesses.
3.3 Steam-Powered Businesses
The majority of pressure-reducing control valves are employed in steam-related applications, including turbines, engines, and direct steam supplies.
3.4 Extra Services
The following scenarios involve the use of pressure-reducing control valves:
- Lubrication solutions for rolling mill bearings and heavy industrial machinery
- To regulate the hydraulic presses’ ram pressure.
- fuel-oil systems with pressure control.
- Sterilizers, unit heaters, humidifiers, and tiny process equipment all employ pressure reduction.
- Utilized fertilizers. Chemical Process, Natural Gas Distribution, and Pharmaceutical Industries
4. BENEFITS
The main advantages of a pressure-reducing control valve are as follows:
- The use of supplementary or external energy is not necessary.
- Controlled by Line Pressure Energy.
- Any variation in the intake pressure has very little impact on the regulated pressure in a pressure-balanced device.
- Maintenance ease
- Stem packing removes potential causes of increased friction and external leakage.
- Quick action
5. COMPARISON OF PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVE AND PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
A pressure-relief valve and a pressure-reducing control valve differ primarily in the following ways:
- Control valves that lower pressure keep the downstream side of the valve at almost constant pressure. This valve is therefore solely utilized to either sustain or lower the greater stress. Conversely, when the system or equipment pressure is above the predetermined limit, pressure relief valves are employed to safeguard it against excessive pressure.
- While pressure-relief valves only open when the predetermined pressure limit is exceeded, pressure-reducing control valves run constantly throughout the line.
- In a pressure-relief valve, the pilot line senses the intake pressure, whereas the pilot line in a pressure-reducing control valve senses the exit pressure.
- The pressure relief valve will be closed while the pressure-reducing control valve remains open under typical operating conditions.
